In this new edition of the textbook basic biotechnology, biology and bioprocessing topics are uniquely combined to provide a complete overview of biotechnology. An overview of fermenter and the design considerations to. Bioreactor is defined as a vessel that carries out a biological reaction and is used to culture aerobic cells for conducting cellular or enzymatic immobilization. We will here consider the basic bioreactor model 12 and 14 for the case that the. The design of airlift fermenters for use in biotechnology. In most instances, the bioreactor is designed for a maximum allowable working pressure of 4045 p. Bioreactors introduction to chemical and biological. Many of the considerations of bioreactor design involve questions of mass transport, conditions under which cells are able to grow and so forth, much as in noncommercial tissueengineering systems. Cells are grown in sequentially larger vessels, culminating in the production vessel. The proper selection and design of the bioreactor addressing high process ef ciencies would determine the economic viability of bioprocess and its corresponding capital investment.
Bioreactors introduction to chemical and biological engineering. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the design of biological reactors that involves determining operating conditions, sizing the reactor, controlling. It can be used for the cultivation of microbial plant or animal cells. To demonstrate similar mixing in both types, a computational fluid dynamics cfd modeling study was carried out on an allegro str 200 bioreactor. Johannes tramper based on a graduate course in biochemical engineering, provides the basic knowledge needed for the efficient design of bioreactors and the relevant principles and data for practical process. It is widely used for plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures. Bioreactor design and analysis spring 2008 crn 88908 mwf. Biofilm carrier movement is caused by the agitation of air bubbles. The still expanding field of biotechnology generates all the time new challenges for exploiting this knowledge and these skills. A fermentor bioreactor is a closed vessel with adequate arrangement for aeration, agitation, temperature and ph control, and drain or overflow vent to remove the waste biomass of cultured microorganisms alongwith their products. Microbiological and biochemical characteristics of the cell systems. Airlift bioreactors an overview sciencedirect topics.
Basic concepts shuler and kargi, prentice hall, 2002 rushton impeller axial flow disktype hydrofoil impeller lower energy demand comparable gas transfer superior axial mixing lower shear stress david r. Microsoft visual basic programs to accompany programming logic and design. Developments in bioreactor design, including whole cell immobilization, immobi lized enzymes. Basic design of laboratory bioreactor in terms of the construction, the following variants of the laboratory bioreactor can be made. An overview of fermenter and the design considerations to enhance its productivity hitesh jagani, karteek hebbar, sagar s. Based on a graduate course in biochemical engineering, provides the basic knowledge needed for the efficient design of bioreactors and the relevant principles and data for practical process engineering, with an emphasis on enzyme reactors and aerated reactors for microorganisms. Basic bioreactor design 1st edition klaas vant riet. This course emphasizes on two interconnected topics. Bioreactor a bioreactor can be defined as an apparatus, such as a large fermentation chamber, for growing organisms such as bacteria or yeast that are used in the biotechnological manufacture of substances such as pharmaceuticals. Details of the biological processes are beyond the scope of this article and are not discussed. The bioreactor is the heart of any biochemical process in which enzymes, microbial, mammalian, or plant cell systems are used for manufacture of a wide range of useful biological products. Fermentation and bioreactor design linkedin slideshare. We will here consider the basic bioreactor model 12 and 14 for the case that the in. N2 based on a graduate course in biochemical engineering, provides the basic knowledge needed for the efficient design of bioreactors and the relevant principles and data for practical process engineering, with an emphasis on enzyme reactors and aerated reactors for microorganisms.
The basic feature of bioreactor which include agitation system, foam control, oxygen delivering system. Moving bed biofilm bioreactor mbbr design and construction principles of fmr moving bed biofilm bioreactor mbbr process uses the whole tank volume for biomass growth. Introduction to cho culture in a stirredtank bioreactor. Basic bioreactor design klaas vant riet, johannes tramper based on a graduate course in biochemical engineering, provides the basic knowledge needed for the efficient design of bioreactors and the relevant principles and data for practical process engineering, with an emphasis on enzyme reactors and aerated reactors for microorganisms. A second series of considerations deals with the largescale production process. To fulfill these requirements, the bioreactor design should be executed with the.
The concepts of bioreactor design and operation harbor a wide set of engineering theory, methodologies, and tools founded on the capacity of biological systems to produce and convert products. A bioreactor refers to any manufactured device or system that supports a biologically active environment. Designissue purpose designmeans parameters gastransferin submergedculture ensurehighgrowth rate,avoiding oxygenstarvation reactorgeometry spargerdesign ba. Design principles of photobioreactors for cultivation of. Kinds of bioreactors here, the terms fermenter and bioreactor are used interchangeably. Bioreactor design fundamentals, mcduffie, norton g. Glass bioreactor without a jacket with an upper stainless steel lid.
The still expanding field of biotechnology generates all the time new challenges for. Its wideranging, multidisciplinary activities include recombinant dna techniques, cloning and the application of microbiology to the production of goods from bread to antibiotics. A cartridge was designed as a housing for five hollow, porous fibers used as support structures for the growth of cells seeded into the bioreactor. Jun 01, 2001 in cooperation with the medical community, the bioreactor design is being used to prepare better models of human colon, prostate, breast and ovarian tumors. Method of sampling are also unscrambled, hence a complete package on design of bioreactor and fermenter 3. It uses simple floating media, which are carriers for attached growth of biofilms.
Challenges for bioreactor design and operation bioreactors. The simplest design is the airdriven bioreactor equipped with sparger at the bottom of the vessel. Knowledge of reaction kinetics is essential for understanding how a. Bioreactor design fundamentals presents the development in the bioreactor field. At electrolab youll find the right partner for fermentation equipment you can trust with your new project ailrift be it a single bioreactoror a large multiple fermentation installation. Cartilage, bone marrow, heart muscle, skeletal muscle, pancreatic islet cells, liver and kidney are just a few of the normal tissues being cultured in rotating bioreactors by investigators. A continuous stirred tank bioreactor consists of a cylindrical vessel with motor driven central shaft that supports one or more agitators impellers. In general, there are two main classes of bioreactors. Shonnard michigan technological university 18 design and operation of bioreactors cont. Introduction to cho culture in a stirredtank bioreactor richard mirro, eppendorf inc.
The approach to design and development of singleuse stirred tank bioreactors described herein was based on good engineering principles. Describes the stateoftheart techniques and methods involved in the design, operation, preparation and containment of bioreactor systems, taking into account the interrelated effects of variables associated with both upstream and downstream stages of the design process. Knowledge of reaction kinetics is essential for understanding how a biological reactor works. The importance of the initial steps in the development of a bioprocess, such as strain and media selection, that have an. The basic principles of bioreactor design outlined in the previous section have in more recent years unfolded into more elaborate methods due to several. In one case, a bioreactor is a vessel in which a chemical process is carried out which involves organisms or biochemically active substances derived from such organisms. Control of ph in bioreactor most bacteria can grow over a wide range of ph, although many enzymes upon which microbial growth depends function only within a narrower range of ph. Fermentation fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases or alcohol. Mixingaeration as an essential mass exchange factor. Tssod lab biomass quantification introduction and safety video. Using a cubical rather than a cylindrical bioreactor has certain basic advantages as described above.
Design principles of photobioreactors for cultivation of microalgae the present hype in microalgae biotechnology has shown that the topic of photobioreactors has to be revisited with respect to availability in really large scale measured in hectars footprint area, minimization of cost, auxiliary energy demand as well as maintenance and life span. Ag sci 220 course objective to provide the basic principles of reactor design for bioprocess, biotech, and biomedical applications. Main operation requirements for bioreactors the main operation requirements for bioreactors can be divided into 3 groups. In cooperation with the medical community, the bioreactor design is being used to prepare better models of human colon, prostate, breast and ovarian tumors. The decisions made in the design of the bioreactor might have a significant impact on overall process performance. Biotechnology is one of the major technologies of the twentyfirst century. Pdf application of different types of bioreactors in. Design and performance of singleuse, stirredtank bioreactors. In cases where the cells grow rapidly and the cell mass occupies 4060% of the reactor volume, the flow characteristics become nonnewtonian and the culture medium can no longer be. Dec 25, 20 method of sampling are also unscrambled, hence a complete package on design of bioreactor and fermenter 3. Bioreactor design fundamentals kindle edition by mcduffie, norton g download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Focusing on every critical component and function has ensured that the final product can provide a viable alternative to traditional stainless steel cleanable bioreactors.
These bioreactors are commonly cylindrical, ranging in size from litres. Overpressure protection is provided by a rupture disc located on top of the bioreactor. Pdf the bioreactor is the heart of any biochemical process in which enzymes, microbial, mammalian, or plant cell systems are used for manufacture of a. An overview of bioreactors types, their design and properties will be considered for biomolecules production such as biomass, enzymes, organic acids, aroma compounds, spores, mushroom production. The basic features of a bioreactor include headspace volume, agitator. Modern applications of plant biotechnology in pharmaceutical sciences, 2015. Fermenter design what should be the basic points of consideration while designing a fermenter. Glass bioreactor with a jacket with an upper stainless steel lid. Chen central research laboratory, mobil research and development corporation, princeton, new jersey 08540, usa introduction rapid progress is being made in the discovery and commercial development of genetic engineered products. The bioreactor provides a central link between the starting feedstock and the product. Considerations in bioreactor design bioreactors why the dinosaurs died out is not known, but it is supposed to be because they had minute brains and devoted themselves to the growth of weapons of offense in the shape of numerous horns. Pdf a bioreactor provides a controllable environment enabling the. Based on a graduate course in biochemical engineering, provides the basic knowledge needed for the efficient design of bioreactors and the relevant principles.
Bioreactor an apparatus usually jacketed cylindrical ss vessel for growing organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or yeast that are used in the production of pharmaceuticals, antibodies, or vaccines, or for the bioconversion of organic wastes under optimum conditions of gas air, oxygen, nitrogen. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading bioreactor design fundamentals. The fundamental principles that underpin all biotechnology are explained and a full range of examples are discussed to show how these principles are applied. Schematic diagrams of basic membrane bioreactor configurations yamamoto et al. An introduction to modeling of bioreactors bengt carlsson dept of systems and control information technology uppsala university. The design of airlift fermenters for use in biotechnology n. Basic bioreactor design crc press book based on a graduate course in biochemical engineering, provides the basic knowledge needed for the efficient design of bioreactors and the relevant principles and data for practical process engineering, with an emphasis on enzyme reactors and aerated reactors for microorganisms. Bioreactor design for chemical engineers semantic scholar. Basic bioreactor design klaas vant riet, johannes tramper. Jonathan mansbridge, in principles of tissue engineering fourth edition, 2014.